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Why Everyone (else) Is a Hypocrite

288 pages, 2012

psychology

psychology

705 books
science & nature

science & nature

1064 books
philosophy

philosophy

711 books
Takeaways
Description

We're all hypocrites because our minds are the products of evolution by natural selection, which has no interest in creating consistent, rational mental units. Therefore, the view that humans have consistent beliefs and preferences is false. 

Our minds consist of many specialized modules designed by evolution to solve specific problems, and these modules sometimes work together seamlessly and sometimes don't, resulting in impossibly contradictory beliefs, vacillations between patience and impulsiveness, violations of moral principles, and overinflated views of ourselves.

Understanding the Modular Mind

In 'Why Everyone (else) Is a Hypocrite', Robert Kurzban explains the concept of the modular mind. He suggests that our minds are not unified but are made up of different parts, each with its own agenda. This can lead to internal conflicts and inconsistencies in our behavior. So, if you've ever wondered why you do things that contradict your beliefs, this book might help you understand why.

The Role of Evolution in Our Behavior

Kurzban digs into how evolution has shaped our minds and behaviors. He argues that our brains have evolved to solve problems, not to be consistent. This means that we might act one way in one situation and completely differently in another, depending on what our brain thinks is the best solution at the time.

Hypocrisy is Universal

The book explores the idea that everyone is a hypocrite in some way. It's not just politicians or celebrities, but all of us. We often judge others harshly for their inconsistencies while ignoring our own. Kurzban encourages us to see this not as a moral failing, but as a natural result of how our brains work.

The Power of Self-Deception

Kurzban researches the concept of self-deception. He suggests that we often lie to ourselves to maintain a positive self-image and to navigate social situations. This can lead to hypocrisy, as we might not even realize that we're not living up to our own standards.

Implications for Society and Policy

In 'Why Everyone (else) Is a Hypocrite', Kurzban also looks at the implications of his findings for society and policy. He argues that understanding the modular mind can help us design better systems and policies. For example, we might be able to create environments that reduce hypocrisy and promote more consistent behavior.

Recommendations

1
authorNassim Nicholas Taleb

Nassim Nicholas Taleb

educatorscientistauthor

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