Name: Polio
Rating: 4.60 (1 reviews)
Author: David M. Oshinsky

David

David Oshinsky tells the gripping and dramatic story of the polio terror in America and the intense effort to find a cure, from the March of Dimes to the discovery of the Salk and Sabin vaccines.  Drawing on newly available papers of Jonas Salk, Albert Sabin and other key players, Oshinsky paints a suspenseful portrait of the race for the cure, weaving a dramatic tale centered on the furious rivalry between Salk and Sabin.  He also tells the story of Isabel Morgan.  She was perhaps the most talented of all polio researchers, who might have beaten Salk to the prize if she had not retired to raise a family. 

Bill Gates is an American business magnate, investor, author, philanthropist, and humanitarian who co-founded Microsoft Corporation, one of the world's largest and most successful technology companies, in 1975. Gates has been regularly ranked as one of the world's wealthiest people and was the richest from 1995 to 2017. As of November 2020, Gates had a net worth of US$132.1 billion, making him the fourth-wealthiest person in the world.
Gates held the positions of Chairman, CEO, and Chief Software Architect at Microsoft until 2000 when he stepped down from day-to-day operations. After leaving Microsoft, Gates and his wife, Melinda Gates, co-chaired the Bill &amp; Melinda Gates Foundation, a private charitable foundation dedicated to improving healthcare and education worldwide. Gates remains a board member of Microsoft and a Technology Advisor to its current CEO, Satya Nadella.
Gates is one of the most influential figures in technology and business. He has received numerous awards and honors for his philanthropic work, including the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Order of the Aztec Eagle. He is also a member of the Giving Pledge, an organization created by billionaires Warren Buffett and Gates to promote charitable giving.
Gates has been a passionate advocate for using technology to improve the world. His vision of a computer on every desk and home has been realized. He is one of the most vocal proponents of using technology to address social and environmental challenges. He has also been outspoken in supporting government funding for scientific research, particularly renewable energy and artificial intelligence.
Gates' philanthropic efforts have been focused on improving global health, providing access to technology for underserved populations, and promoting educational opportunities for children and young adults. He has made significant investments in initiatives to fight poverty and increase access to medical care, particularly in the developing world. In addition, the Bill &amp; Melinda Gates Foundation has partnered with numerous organizations to promote improved sanitation, clean water, and disease prevention among the world's poorest people.
Gates' commitment to giving back has been an inspiration to many. His dedication to using technology and business to improve the lives of people around the world is an example of how successful people can use their resources to make a difference.
Gates has also been a vocal proponent of open-source technology, advocating for the development of software and hardware that is freely available to the public. He has also been a vocal proponent of the open internet and a leader in the fight against censorship and government surveillance. In addition, he has been a strong advocate for using technology to combat climate change and has invested in numerous renewable energy initiatives.
Gates has also been a vocal proponent of net neutrality and has spoken out in favor of increased competition in the technology sector. His efforts to improve people's lives worldwide have earned him the admiration of many, and his commitment to philanthropy and innovation has made him one of the world's most influential and respected figures.

Bill

null

In his book, David M. Oshinsky paints a vivid picture of the terror that polio brought to the 20th century. He explores how the disease crippled and killed thousands of people, particularly children, causing widespread panic.

The Devastating Impact of Polio

Oshinsky takes us on a journey through the intense competition and race to find a cure for polio. He highlights the relentless efforts of scientists and researchers, particularly Jonas Salk and Albert Sabin, who were instrumental in developing the polio vaccines.

The Race for a Cure

The book also sheds light on the role of philanthropy in combating polio. Oshinsky highlights how the March of Dimes campaign, initiated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, played a crucial role in funding polio research and ultimately finding a cure.

The Role of Philanthropy

Oshinsky emphasizes the importance of vaccination in eradicating diseases like polio. He encourages readers to see the value of vaccines, not just for individual health, but for the wellbeing of society as a whole.

The Power of Vaccination

Despite the development of vaccines, the fight against polio is not over. Oshinsky reminds us that polio still exists in some parts of the world, urging us to continue supporting vaccination efforts to completely eradicate the disease.

The Ongoing Fight Against Polio

Polio

Learn how the world works in the best Science and Nature books by respected experts, educators and authors in a variety of fields.

science & nature

How did it really happen? Find out in top-rated History books covering every period of human existence from a range of perspectives.

history

Cleo Abram is an inspiring and dynamic video producer at Vox. She brings enthusiasm and creativity to her projects, always pushing the envelope and striving for excellence.
Before joining Vox, Cleo worked as a producer on Netflix’s Explained, a show that dives deep into the day's topics. She was also the host and producer of Vox’s YouTube series Glad You Asked, a show that asked tough questions with engaging and entertaining videos.
Since joining Vox, Cleo has been the host and producer of Vox’s first-ever daily show, Answered. The show features a range of topics from technology to science, to politics and more. Cleo has been able to share her knowledge and expertise with viewers through the show.
Cleo is an excellent communicator and is passionate about producing high-quality content. She is a master of her craft and is constantly looking for ways to innovate and push the boundaries of video production.
When she’s not in the studio, Cleo can be found spending time with her family and friends. She also enjoys exploring the great outdoors and going on adventures. Cleo is an inspiring producer with a lot of energy and drive. Her work speaks for itself; she is always looking for ways to push the envelope and create compelling and thought-provoking content.
In addition to her work as a producer and host at Vox, Cleo Abram is also a video journalist currently making Huge If True, a documentary series about the internet age. The series explores the impact of the internet on our lives and society, from how we communicate to how we consume media. Through the series, Cleo is able to share her unique perspective and expert knowledge about the modern world.

Cleo

Sophie Bakalar is a venture capitalist. She is currently a Partner at Lux Capital, a venture capital firm that invests in scientific and technological companies. Before joining Lux Capital, Bakalar worked as an analyst at Bessemer Venture Partners and a consultant at McKinsey &amp; Company.
She has workedBeforeBeforewithin the venture capital industry for several years and has experience in various sectors, including healthcare, energy, and technology. She is also a member of the board of several companies, including Guardant Health, Osmo, and Celularity.
As a venture capitalist, her role is to help identify, evaluate, and invest in early-stage companies with the potential for significant growth. She also works closely with the companies she has invested in to help them develop and grow their businesses.

Sophie

A Short History of Nearly Everything

Charles

Naval Ravikant is an Indian-American entrepreneur, author, and angel investor. Ravikant's career has focused primarily on technology, startups, and venture capital. He began his career as a software developer and later co-founded several technology companies, including Epinions and Vast.com. In 2010, he co-founded AngelList, a venture capital firm that helps startups raise funding and connect with investors. Under his leadership, AngelList has become one of the industry's most successful and influential venture firms.
Naval Ravikant is the host of the podcast "The Naval Podcast," which is focused on technology, startups, and personal development. The podcast features interviews with a wide variety of guests, including entrepreneurs, investors, authors, and other experts in the technology and startup space. The podcast is known for its deep conversations and insights on topics such as building a successful startup, the future of technology, and how to live a fulfilling life.
The podcast has gained a large following and is known for its unique format, which includes a mix of interviews, monologues, and listener Q&amp;A. The podcast is released regularly and has been running for several years. The podcast has been praised for its thought-provoking and actionable advice, its unique format and the diversity of guests. The podcast is available on most podcast platforms.
Naval Ravikant has also written the book "The Almanack of Naval Ravikant." He has also been a guest on many popular podcasts, sharing his insights on technology, startups, and personal development. He is also an active thinker and influencer on social media, sharing his thoughts on various topics, including technology, business, and personal growth.
Overall, Naval Ravikant's career has been marked by his ability to identify and capitalize on emerging trends in the technology industry and his ability to help startups navigate the challenges of building and scaling a business.

Naval

Tim Ferriss is an American author, entrepreneur, and public speaker. He is best known for his bestselling book, The 4-Hour Workweek, and for his podcast, The Tim Ferriss Show. Ferriss has been featured in the Time 100 Most Influential People list and has been recognized as one of Fast Company's "Most Innovative Business People."
Ferriss was born in East Hampton, New York, in 1977. He attended St. Paul's School in Concord, New Hampshire, and graduated from Princeton University with a degree in East Asian Studies in 2000. After college, he worked in sales and marketing for a data storage company before starting his own business, BrainQUICKEN, which he eventually sold.
In 2007, Ferriss wrote The 4-Hour Workweek, which became an international bestseller. The book proposed a new way of working that focused on efficiency and productivity and encouraged readers to pursue their dreams and passions. The book was credited with launching the "lifestyle design" movement and has been translated into 35 languages.
In 2010, Ferriss launched his podcast, The Tim Ferriss Show, which is now one of the most popular podcasts in the world. He interviews high-profile guests from various fields, including business, sports, and entertainment. Ferriss has also written several other books, including The 4-Hour Body, The 4-Hour Chef, Tools of Titans, and Tribe of Mentors.
Ferriss has been an active investor, advisor, and board member for a number of companies, including Uber, Evernote, Shopify, and Duolingo. He is a founding member of the Silicon Valley investment firm K9 Ventures and is also a venture partner at the venture capital firm Collaborative Fund.
Ferriss is active in the philanthropic community and has been involved with a number of charities, including DonorsChoose.org, The International Rescue Committee, and the Michael J. Fox Foundation. He is also a member of the Clinton Global Initiative.

The Origin of Species

Elizabeth

Adam Grant is an American psychologist and author widely known for his work on the science of giving, creativity, and organizational psychology. He is the top-rated professor at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania and a former professor at the University of Michigan. His first book, Give and Take: A Revolutionary Approach to Success, was a New York Times bestseller.
Grant is a leading authority on the science of giving, creativity, and organizational psychology. He has written or co-written six books, including Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World and Option B: Facing Adversity, Building Resilience, and Finding Joy. He has also written for The New York Times, The Atlantic Monthly, Harvard Business Review, and other publications.
Grant's research focuses on how giving, taking, and exchanging advice affects an individual’s success. He has studied how to maximize the benefits of giving, how to encourage more successful collaborations, and how to foster an environment of innovation and creativity. He has also explored how to assess and develop leadership potential within organizations and how to build workplace cultures where employees are empowered to do their best work.
Grant has received numerous awards and honors, including being named one of the world's 40 most influential management thinkers by Thinkers50 in 2015, one of the world's 50 most influential management thinkers by Thinkers50 in 2018, and one of the world's most influential management gurus by The Observer in 2018. He is a recipient of the Carnegie Medal for Excellence in Mentoring and was named the Most Influential Thinker of the Decade by Poets &amp; Quants in 2020.
In addition to his academic and writing career, Grant is a frequent speaker for organizations, universities, and conferences around the world. He has presented to audiences of thousands at TEDx events, and he has been featured on television and radio programs such as The Oprah Winfrey Show, 60 Minutes, and NPR’s Fresh Air. He has also served as a visiting professor at Stanford, Cornell, and INSEAD, and he is currently a visiting professor at the London School of Economics.

Adam

The Sixth Extinction

Paul Graham is an entrepreneur, programmer, and essayist. He is the co-founder of Y Combinator, a startup accelerator that has funded over 2,000 companies including Dropbox, Airbnb, and Reddit. His career has been focused on technology and startups. He began his career as a programmer and software developer, working on various projects and startups. In 1995, he co-founded Viaweb, one of the first web-based companies that allowed users to create their own online stores. The company was later sold to Yahoo in 1998 for $49 million.
After the sale of Viaweb, Graham turned his attention to startup investing and mentoring. In 2005, he co-founded Y Combinator, a startup accelerator that provides funding, resources, and mentorship to early-stage startups. Y Combinator has since funded over 2,000 companies, many of which have gone on to become successful and valuable companies, such as Dropbox, Airbnb, and Reddit.
Paul Graham has several notable achievements in his career, including:
<ul>
<li>Co-founding Viaweb: Viaweb was one of the first web-based companies that allowed users to create their own online stores. The company was later sold to Yahoo in 1998 for $49 million.</li>
<li>Fellowship at Harvard's Society of Fellows: Graham is a Fellow at Harvard's Society of Fellows, a prestigious group of scholars who receive funding and support to pursue their research.</li>
<li>Helping launch successful startups: Graham has helped launch many successful startups through Y Combinator and has mentored many entrepreneurs. Some of the successful companies that came out of Y Combinator include Dropbox, Airbnb, and Reddit.</li>
</ul>
In addition to his work with Y Combinator, Graham is also known for his essays on technology and startups. He has written extensively on the startup ecosystem, the role of technology in society, and the future of the internet. His essays have been collected in two books, "Hackers &amp; Painters" and "Ansi Common Lisp." He continues to share his thoughts and insights on his website, paulgraham.com.

Paul

Patrick Collison is an Irish entrepreneur, programmer, and philanthropist who co-founded Stripe's financial technology company with his brother John. He currently serves as the company's CEO.
Born in Limerick, Ireland, in 1988, Patrick Collison was a precocious child who began coding at the age of 10. He was accepted to MIT at age 16, where he studied theoretical physics. While a student at MIT, he and his brother John founded their first company, Shuppa, a web development agency. After graduating from MIT in 2009, he and John decided to focus on the payments industry and founded Stripe in 2010.
At Stripe, Patrick is responsible for setting the company's vision, developing strategy, and overseeing the day-to-day operations. Stripe has emerged as one of the world's largest and most successful financial technology companies and is now valued at over $35 billion.
Patrick is also an active philanthropist. He is a board member at the charity DonorsChoose.org, which helps public school teachers fund projects in their classrooms. He is also a trustee of the Thiel Foundation, which provides grants to young entrepreneurs. He has also donated to the SENS Research Foundation, which is dedicated to finding treatments for age-related diseases.
In addition to his business and philanthropy, Patrick is an avid reader and a prolific writer. He has published articles on topics ranging from the future of the internet to the power of technology to improve our lives. He also writes regularly on Medium and his personal website.
Patrick Collison is an inspiring figure in the tech industry, and his work has made a lasting impact on innovation and entrepreneurship.
In addition to his work as an entrepreneur and philanthropist, Patrick is also an avid public speaker. He has spoken at a variety of events and conferences, including the 2019 World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, the 2019 TechCrunch Disrupt in San Francisco, and the 2018 Web Summit in Lisbon, Portugal. He has also appeared on the podcast The Tim Ferriss Show and the TV show The Big Bang Theory.
Patrick is also a passionate advocate for open-source software. He is a strong proponent of the open-source movement, which encourages the sharing and improvement of code among developers. He has provided financial support to a number of open-source projects, including the JavaScript programming language.
Patrick is also a vocal champion of cryptocurrency and blockchain technology. He is an investor in several cryptocurrency projects, including Ethereum and Zcash, and he is a frequent speaker on the topic. He has also written a number of articles on the potential of blockchain technology and its applications in the financial sector.

Patrick

The Old Way

Steven

Michael Mauboussin is a well-known thinker and researcher in behavioral finance and investment management. He is currently the Head of Consilient Research at Counterpoint Global, a division of Morgan Stanley Investment Management, and a member of the board of trustees of the Santa Fe Institute, a leading research institution in the field of complex systems science.
Mauboussin has published extensively on a wide range of topics related to finance and investing, including the role of psychology in decision-making, the impact of information and information asymmetry on markets, and the limitations of traditional financial models. He is also a regular speaker at industry conferences and has been a guest on numerous financial news programs.
Michael Mauboussin has authored several books that have been well-received in the investment and finance community. Some of his notable books include:
<ul>
<li>"The Success Equation: Untangling Skill and Luck in Business, Sports, and Investing" - This book explores the role of skill and luck in various fields, including business, sports, and investing.&nbsp;</li>
<li>"More Than You Know: Finding Financial Wisdom in Unconventional Places" - In this book, Mauboussin examines how seemingly unrelated fields such as science, philosophy, and history can inform our understanding of finance.&nbsp;</li>
<li>"Think Twice: Harnessing the Power of Counterintuition" This book focuses on how our intuition can lead us astray when making decisions and the importance of using counterintuitive thinking to avoid common biases.</li>
<li>"The Knowledge Illusion: Why We Never Think Alone" - This book explores how our minds are connected to the more extensive web of knowledge and how this shapes our thinking and decision-making.</li>
</ul>
All of these books are widely read by investment professionals and general readers alike. They offer a unique perspective on various topics and are widely considered thought-provoking and informative.
Mauboussin holds a Bachelor of Arts in Economics from Colgate University and a Master of Business Administration from the Columbia Business School, where he was a recipient of the John M. Bryan scholarship. He has also earned the Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) designation.
Mauboussin is known for his ability to explain complex financial concepts in a clear and accessible way and is highly respected by his peers in the industry. His research and insights have significantly impacted the field of finance and continue to shape the way many investors and financial professionals think about markets and decision-making.

Michael

Infinite Powers

Stephen

James Clear is a writer, entrepreneur, and thought leader in the field of habit formation. He is the author of the international bestseller Atomic Habits, which has sold over 2 million copies and has been translated into over 30 languages.
Clear is a frequent contributor to high-profile publications such as The New York Times, Time Magazine, and Entrepreneur Magazine. He is also a popular speaker and has given talks at TEDx, Google, and the United Nations.
Clear's work focuses on the science and psychology of habit formation and how it can be used to build positive behaviors. He has a special emphasis on "small wins" and how they can add up to major changes in our lives. He emphasizes that small changes can lead to big results and that we should focus on creating the right habits.
Clear's research is based on a combination of scientific studies, interviews with leading experts, and personal experience. He has a degree in finance and entrepreneurship from the University of Michigan and a master's degree in psychology from the University of California, Santa Barbara. He has been featured in The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, and The Guardian. He was also named one of the world’s top 100 most influential people in health and fitness by Greatist.
In addition to writing, Clear is an advocate for the power of habits and is the founder of the Habits Academy. This website provides free resources for people interested in forming better habits. He also runs an online course and a membership program for those looking to take their habit-building to the next level.
Clear's work has been praised by people from a wide range of backgrounds and industries, from CEOs to athletes to celebrities. He is also a two-time recipient of the James Beard Foundation Award.

James

Nat Eliason is a highly successful entrepreneur, CEO, and founder of Growth Machine, an SEO-focused growth agency, and co-founder of Cup &amp; Leaf Tea. He is an experienced digital marketer, content strategist, and growth hacker.
Nat has a background in engineering and mathematics, which has helped him to become an expert in data analysis and optimization. He is a firm believer in using data to inform decisions and maximize returns. His work is highly sought after by major companies, startups, and individuals looking to improve their SEO presence and reach.
Nat is passionate about helping others grow their businesses and make the most out of their SEO efforts. He is constantly pushing the boundaries of what’s possible with SEO and is an advocate for the use of SEO to increase website visibility and traffic. He is also an expert in content marketing and has helped countless companies develop effective content strategies that have helped them to reach their goals.
Nat has been featured in prominent publications such as The Wall Street Journal, Forbes, Entrepreneur, and Inc. Magazine. He has also been a featured speaker at many tech conferences, such as SXSW, MozCon, and Content Marketing World.
Nat is passionate about giving back and is a supporter of numerous charitable causes, such as the World Wildlife Fund and the International Rescue Committee. He is also a co-founder of Cup &amp; Leaf Tea, a specialty tea company that donates a portion of its profits to organizations that support refugees.
In addition to being a successful entrepreneur, Nat is a family man. He is the proud father of two young boys and is devoted to his wife and children. He is an avid reader and a lover of the outdoors. He is also a passionate traveler and has visited many countries around the world. Nat loves to share his experience and knowledge with others and is an inspiring leader in the tech community.

A Brief History of Time

Richard

Safi Bahcall is a physicist, entrepreneur, and author. He is the author of the book "Loonshots: How to Nurture the Crazy Ideas That Win Wars, Cure Diseases, and Transform Industries," which was published in 2019. The book explores the concept of "loonshots" and how they can be nurtured and developed to drive innovation and progress in various industries.
Bahcall received his undergraduate degree in physics from Harvard University and his Ph.D. in physics from Stanford University. After completing his education, he worked as a research scientist at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center and the MIT Laboratory for Nuclear Science.
He then transitioned to the business world, co-founding several companies, including the biotech company Synta Pharmaceuticals where he served as CEO. He also served on the board of directors of several other companies, including the cancer research firm Agios Pharmaceuticals.
In addition to his work in business and science, Bahcall is also known for his philanthropic efforts. He and his wife, Laura, established the Bahcall Family Foundation, which supports various scientific research, education, and healthcare initiatives.
Bahcall is a sought-after speaker and has given talks on a variety of topics, including innovation, leadership, and the intersection of science and business. He has been a guest on various podcasts and television shows and has written articles for publications like Harvard Business Review, MIT Technology Review, and Forbes.
In his book "Loonshots", Bahcall explores the idea that breakthrough innovations often come from "loonshots" - seemingly crazy or unconventional ideas that are initially dismissed but have the potential to change the world. He uses historical examples from various industries, including science, technology, and war, to illustrate how these loonshots were nurtured and developed into successful innovations. He also provides insights on how organizations and individuals can identify and nurture their own loonshots.
Bahcall's work has been widely praised for its unique perspective on innovation and its practical, actionable insights. Reviewers have noted that the book is well-researched and provides valuable insights for leaders and entrepreneurs looking to drive innovation in their own organizations.
Beyond his book, Bahcall has also contributed to the broader conversation around innovation and technology through his speaking engagements, articles, and interviews. He has advocated for the importance of fostering a culture of experimentation and risk-taking and has emphasized the need for leaders to actively seek out and support unconventional ideas.
Overall, Safi Bahcall is a well-known figure in the fields of science, technology, business, and innovation. With a background in physics, his unique perspective on the intersection of science and business, and his experience as an entrepreneur, have made him a sought-after speaker and thought leader in these areas.

Safi

The Hot Zone

Travis

Aubrey Marcus is the founder of Onnit, a globally disruptive brand based on a holistic health philosophy he calls Total Human Optimization. Onnit remains an industry leader with products optimizing millions of lives, including many top professional athletes worldwide.
Aubrey currently hosts the Aubrey Marcus Podcast, a motivational destination for conversations with the brightest minds in athletics, business, mindset, and spirituality, with over 50 million listens. He is the author of the NYT Bestselling book Own The Day, Own Your Life and has been featured on the cover of Men’s Health and other publications. In addition, he has produced several documentaries, including Awake In The Darkness, Dragon of the Jungle, Ayahuasca, and Huachuma.
He is currently the visionary behind the donation-based coaching platform Fit For Service, which recently hosted the transformational music festival Arkadia. But, if you ask Aubrey what he is most passionate about, it raises awareness for psychedelic medicine, including dedicated philanthropic support to MAPS.org and Heffter Institute. He is a 27-year native of Austin, Texas, where he resides with his wife, Vylana.

Aubrey

Dominic D'Agostino is a Professor of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology at the University of South Florida. He received his Ph.D. in physiology from the University of Pittsburgh. He is a leading researcher in ketogenic diets and ketone supplements. He has conducted numerous studies on the medical use of ketogenic diets and ketone supplements for neurological and metabolic disorders, such as epilepsy, cancer, and diabetes.
Dr. D'Agostino's research has demonstrated that the ketogenic diet can be a safe and effective therapy for seizures, particularly in children who have not responded to other treatments. He has also shown that ketones can be beneficial in treating brain cancer and gliomas and may help slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
In addition to his research, Dr. D'Agostino is a co-founder and scientific advisor of several companies developing ketone supplements and medical foods. He works closely with these companies to create new products and ensure they are safe and effective.
Dr. D'Agostino is also a sought-after speaker and has given numerous lectures and presentations on ketogenic diets and ketone supplements at conferences, universities, and other venues worldwide. He has also authored or co-authored several books and research papers.
Many organizations and publications have recognized Dr. D'Agostino's research. He has received several awards for his work, including the International Society for Nutritional Psychiatry Research (ISNPR) and the International Society for Nutritional Ketosis and Metabolism (ISNKT) awards. His work has also been featured in several popular media outlets, including Time Magazine, Forbes, The Huffington Post, and Business Insider.
Overall, Dr. Dominic D'Agostino has devoted his career to researching the benefits of ketogenic diets and ketone supplements, and he continues to be a leading expert in the field. His work has contributed significantly to understanding ketones' therapeutic potential. In addition, it has helped pave the way for new treatments for various neurological and metabolic disorders.

Dominic

Tripping Over the Truth

Catharine

Guy Spier is a Zurich-based investor. He is the author of The Education of a Value Investor. Spier is the manager of the Aquamarine Fund, with $300 million in assets. He is well known for bidding US$650,100 with Mohnish Pabrai for a charity lunch with Warren Buffett in 2008. In 2009, he was featured in The Checklist Manifesto by Atul Gawande regarding his use of checklists as part of his investment process. His the brother of Tanya de Jager.
Spier was born in 1966 in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. When he was three months old, his family moved to Tel Aviv, Israel, where he attended kindergarten. In 1970, his family moved to Iran, where he participated at the British Embassy School in Tehran. In 1977, his family moved again to Richmond in the UK, and he attended the City of London Freemen's School, in Ashtead, Surrey, as a weekly boarder. In 1984, he enrolled to study Law at Brasenose College, Oxford, where he was tutored by Hugh Collins, Peter Birks, and Mary Stokes, among others. Two years later, in 1986, he switched to studying PPE (Politics, Philosophy, and Economics).
Among his tutors was Peter Sinclair for Economics – where he occasionally shared tutorials with David Cameron, who would become Prime Minister. He also studied politics with Vernon Bogdanor. Although he was thoroughly mediocre at Politics, he proved to be a capable economist. He graduated with a First-class degree, having also been awarded the Georg Webb Medley Prize for his performance in Economics. During his university summers, Spier also completed courses of study at the Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg and Harvard Summer School. He also interned with Creditanstalt in London.
In 1990, Spier was offered places in the Joint Business and Economics Ph.D. program and the MBA Program at Harvard. Instead, he opted to do the MBA, and in 1993, he completed his MBA. Contemporaries at HBS include Mark Pincus, Chris Hohn, and Sherry Coutu.
From 1988 to 1990, Spier was an associate at Braxton Associates, the strategy consulting firm which was later sold to Deloitte Consulting. Based out of the London and Paris offices, Spier worked with colleagues David Pitt-Watson, Michael Liebreich, and others in advising British and European companies on their strategy vis-a-vis the European Common Market. He subsequently took up an internship at the Forward Studies Unit (Cellule de Prospective) at the European Commission in Brussels.
In his book, Spier writes that although he interviewed white-shoe firms like Goldman Sachs and J. P. Morgan during his last year at Harvard Business School, he turned down these firms to work for the lesser-known D.H. Blair. There, as a Vice President, he sought funding for new technology startups. Spier subsequently described this experience as "not dissimilar" to the movie Wolf of Wall Street. It was a career decision that he quickly came to regret.
Upon leaving investment banking, Spier founded the Aquamarine Fund, an investment partnership inspired by, and styled after, Warren Buffett's 1950s investment partnerships. Spier continues to manage the fund today, and it had $300 million in AUM as of June 2021.
Spier closely follows Warren Buffett's principles on value investing and capital allocation. However, he also admits that value investing has changed over time as the popularity of the style means that, generally, fewer opportunities are available to investors. Of course, ideas that will work would still be around, but the successful value investor of today has to look further and sometimes think outside the box. More recently, Spier has eschewed all forms of activism, stating, "My goal as an investor is to compound money for my shareholders, not to pick unnecessary fights or conduct myself like an avenging moral crusader.”
Spier has regularly advocated for probity and modesty in the management of financial firms. In 2008, Spier published a paper along with Peter Sinclair and Tom Skinner on "Bonuses, Credit Rating Agencies, and the Credit Crunch," which argued that part of the cause of the 2008 crisis was short-termism leading to the miscalculation of bonuses at credit rating and other financial firms. He has also strongly advocated for zero management fees regarding professional investment management. Spier has supported for Switzerland to become a center of true investing excellence, writing, "while Switzerland’s biotech, health, and technology clusters are extraordinarily well developed, Swiss private banking still has a long way to go."

Balaji S. Srinivasan is an Indian-American entrepreneur, investor, and software engineer. He is best known as the co-founder and former chief technology officer of Counsyl, a genomics and genetic testing company that Myriad Genetics acquired in 2016. He is currently a partner at Andreessen Horowitz, a venture capital firm, and a board partner at Coinbase, a digital currency exchange.
Srinivasan holds a B.S. in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from Stanford University and earned an M.S. in Management Science and Engineering. He was the first person to graduate from Stanford with a double major in computer science and electrical engineering. Before founding Counsyl, Srinivasan held leadership positions at several technology startups, including teaching at the Stanford AI Lab and working as a research scientist at Hewlett-Packard.
Srinivasan is a vocal proponent of the decentralized, open-source software movement. He has been a major supporter of Ethereum, Bitcoin, and Augur projects. He has also authored a number of influential essays on technology and cryptocurrency and has lectured widely on the subjects.
Srinivasan has been recognized for his work in the technology industry. He was named a Technology Pioneer by the World Economic Forum in 2013 and a Young Global Leader by the same organization in 2014. In 2015, he was named to the TIME 100, the magazine's annual list of the most influential people in the world. He has also been featured in Forbes' 30 Under 30 list and Fortune's 40 Under 40 list.
Srinivasan is also a prolific investor. He has personally invested in a number of startups, including Coinbase, Earn.com, and many others. He is also the co-founder of the Stanford-StartX Fund, a venture fund that invests in startups founded by Stanford students and alumni. In addition, he is a founding partner at AVCJ, a venture capital firm focused on investments in Asia.
Srinivasan is a frequent speaker at technology events and has given talks and lectures at conferences such as TED, Y Combinator, and the World Economic Forum. He is also an advisor to a number of startups and nonprofits, including the Thiel Foundation, the Machine Intelligence Research Institute, and the Long Now Foundation.

Balaji

Pandemic 1918

Chris Dixon is a prominent venture capitalist, entrepreneur, and technology investor. He is the co-founder and managing director of the venture capital firm Andreessen Horowitz, where he has invested in and served on the boards of companies such as Skype, DocuSign, Oculus, Coinbase, and many others. Dixon is also the co-founder of Hunch and SiteAdvisor.
He has also co-founded or been involved with several other technology startups, including Founder Collective, the early-stage venture capital firm he co-founded in 2007; the startup accelerator Founder’s Den; and the investment platform, AngelList.
Dixon is an experienced entrepreneur, investor, and technology advisor. He has served as a judge on the ABC television show Shark Tank and has been featured on the cover of Fortune magazine. He has also been featured in The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, BusinessWeek, and other publications.
Dixon has a passion for helping entrepreneurs to succeed. He has invested in more than 100 companies and has a deep knowledge of the technology industry. He is also an avid public speaker and has spoken on topics ranging from entrepreneurship to investing to the future of technology.
Dixon has an impressive background in the technology industry that spans two decades. He has a Bachelor's degree in Computer Science from Harvard University and a Master's degree in Computer Science from the California Institute of Technology. He has also been active in the technology industry since the late 1990s and has served as an advisor to many companies.
As a technology investor, Dixon has a keen eye for emerging trends and technologies. He has invested in a range of startups across multiple sectors, including software, hardware, artificial intelligence, healthcare, and robotics. He has also invested in several early-stage companies and helped them grow into successful enterprises.
In addition to his investments, Dixon is also an active member of the startup community. He is a mentor to many startups and has spoken at events such as TechCrunch Disrupt and the Collision Conference. He is also an active philanthropist and has served on the boards of many nonprofit organizations.
Chris Dixon is a highly accomplished investor, entrepreneur, and technology advisor. With his deep knowledge of the technology industry, experience mentoring startups, and passion for helping entrepreneurs succeed. He is a great asset to any venture.

Chris

Lewis C. Cantley is an American biochemist and cancer researcher. He is currently the Meyer Director of the Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medicine and a professor of cancer biology in medicine at the same institution. He is also a professor of cancer biology in pharmacology at the Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences.
Cantley received his B.S. in chemistry from West Virginia University in 1972 and his Ph.D. in biochemistry from Vanderbilt University in 1977. He then did postdoctoral work at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research.
Cantley's research focuses on the signaling pathways that control cell growth and metabolism, particularly emphasizing the role of these pathways in cancer. He is best known for discovering the enzyme phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), which plays a critical role in cell signaling and is frequently activated in cancer. This discovery has led to the developing of several PI3K inhibitors, which are now being tested in clinical trials for cancer treatment.
In addition to his research, Cantley is also an advocate for increased funding for cancer research and greater collaboration between basic researchers and clinicians. He has received numerous awards and honors for his work. Some of his most notable awards include:
<ul>
<li>The AACR-CRI Lloyd J. Old Award in Cancer Immunology</li>
<li>The Pezcoller Foundation-AACR International Award for Cancer Research</li>
<li>The Stanley Cohen Prize in Epigenetics</li>
<li>The American Cancer Society's Medal of Honor</li>
<li>The American Association for Cancer Research's Lifetime Achievement Award</li>
</ul>
Cantley is also a recipient of several other awards, such as the Society of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center William D. Coley Award, the West Virginia University Academy of Distinguished Alumni, and the American Association for Cancer Research's Team Science Award.
Cantley is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Association of Cancer Research, and the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. He is also a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Lewis

The Making of the Atomic Bomb

William

Plagues and Peoples

John

The Great Influenza

Jared

Stewart Brand is an American writer best known as the editor of the Whole Earth Catalog. He founded several organizations, including The WELL, the Global Business Network, and the Long Now Foundation. He is the author of several books, most recently Whole Earth Discipline: An Ecopragmatist Manifesto.
Brand was born in Rockford, Illinois, and attended Phillips Exeter Academy in New Hampshire. He studied biology at Stanford University, graduating in 1960. As a soldier in the U.S. Army, he was a parachutist and taught infantry skills; he later expressed that his military experience had fostered his competence in organizing. A civilian again in 1962, he studied design at San Francisco Art Institute, photography at San Francisco State College, and participated in a legitimate scientific study of then-legal LSD in Menlo Park, California. In 1966, he married mathematician Lois Jennings, an Ottawa Native American.
Brand has lived in California since the 1960s. He and his second wife live on Mirene, a 64-foot (20 m)-long working tugboat. Built-in 1912, the boat is moored in a former shipyard in Sausalito, California. In addition, he works in Mary Heartline, a grounded fishing boat about 100 yards (90 meters) away. One of his favorite items is a table on which Otis Redding is said to have written "(Sittin' On) The Dock of the Bay." (Brand acquired it from an antique dealer in Sausalito.)
By the mid-1960s, Brand became associated with New York multimedia group USCO and Bay Area author Ken Kesey and his "Merry Pranksters." Brand co-produced the Trips Festival, an early effort involving rock music and light shows, in San Francisco with Kesey and Ramón Sender Barayón. This was one of the first venues at which the Grateful Dead performed in San Francisco. About 10,000 hippies attended, and Haight-Ashbury soon emerged as a community. Tom Wolfe describes Brand in his 1968 book, The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test.
The Whole Earth Catalog implied an ideal of human progress that depended on decentralized, personal, and liberating technological development—so‑called "soft technology." However, in 2005 he criticized aspects of the international environmental ideology he had helped to develop. He wrote an article called "Environmental Heresies" in the May 2005 issue of the MIT Technology Review, in which he describes what he considers necessary changes to environmentalism. He suggested, among other things, that environmentalists embrace nuclear power and genetically modified organisms as technologies with more promise than risk.
Brand later developed these ideas into a book and published the Whole Earth Discipline: An Ecopragmatist Manifesto in 2009. The book examines how urbanization, nuclear power, genetic engineering, geoengineering, and wildlife restoration can be powerful tools in humanity's ongoing fight against global warming. In a 2019 interview, Brand described his perspective as "post-libertarian," indicating that when the Whole Earth Catalog was being written, he did not fully understand the significance of the government's role in developing technology and engineering. In his environmental position, he self-describes as an "Eco-pragmatist."

Stewart

Collapse

Who We Are and How We Got Here

Cynthia

Ryan Peterson is the founder and current CEO of Flexport.

Ryan

Big History

Walter

Eric Weinstein is an American mathematician and economist and the managing director of Thiel Capital, a venture capital firm founded by Peter Thiel. He holds a Ph.D. in mathematical physics from Harvard University and is a visiting professor at the California Institute of Technology. He is also a frequent speaker on the topics of mathematics, economics, and technology and has written books and articles on these topics.
Eric was born in Brooklyn, New York, and grew up in the San Francisco Bay Area. He attended Stanford University, where he earned his bachelor's degree in mathematics and economics, and then went on to Harvard University, where he received his Ph.D. in mathematical physics. After completing his studies at Harvard, he joined the faculty of the California Institute of Technology, where he is now a visiting professor.
In addition to his academic work, Eric has been a leading figure in the technology and venture capital industry. He was a founding partner at Icon Ventures and a managing partner at Thiel Capital. He has worked with Peter Thiel and other venture capitalists to invest in new technologies and business opportunities. Eric is also an expert in the field of mathematics, having published several books and articles on the topic.
In addition to his work in the venture capital industry, Eric has been a frequent speaker and commentator on a variety of topics related to economics, technology, and mathematics. He has served as a keynote speaker at many conferences, including the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland. He is also the host of the popular podcast the Portal, which has featured guests such as Elon Musk, Bill Gates, and Richard Branson.
Eric is a well-known figure in the technology industry and is highly respected for his knowledge and expertise. He is an active member of several professional organizations, including the National Academy of Sciences, the Association for Computing Machinery, and the American Mathematical Society. His work has been recognized by many awards, including the National Science Foundation's Alan T. Waterman Award and the Harvard University Levinson Prize.

Reddit meter

Polio

352 pages, 2006

David M. Oshinsky

science & nature

history

Recommendations

Bill Gates

Similar books to Polio

Books

Achievers

Topics

Libraries

Blog

About

Contact

Terms